Recognizing Multiple Sclerosis: Understanding Symptoms and Treatment

Lancaster, CA.- Did you know that Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerves, leading to a range of symptoms that can vary widely from person to person.

“MS can present with a variety of symptoms, including muscle weakness, difficulty with coordination and balance, numbness or tingling in the limbs, and problems with vision,” notes Dr. Mariam Makary-Botros, a specialist in neurology at the Kaiser Permanente Panorama City Medical Center. “These symptoms can be unpredictable and may come and go, making it challenging for patients to manage their daily lives."

MS is currently divided into four different types: clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS). Knowing the type of MS one has may help people know what to expect over the long term.

The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. “Although there’s no known cure for Multiple Sclerosis, treatment can significantly improve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease,” says Lisa Guerette, president of the Southern California chapter of the NMSS. “We recommend treating people with relapsing-remitting MS, the most common MS disease course, as early as possible to reduce the number of relapses and slow the progression of disability.”

There are two major categories of treatment for MS: disease-modifying therapy (DMT), and symptomatic therapy. DMT medications suppress the body’s immune response, preventing myelin damage and plaque formation. These medications are effective against the relapsing form of MS. Symptomatic therapy, on the other hand, focuses on treating the symptoms of MS, such as impaired bladder function, muscle stiffness and pain.

“Both physical and occupational therapy for Multiple Sclerosis focuses on helping patients perform activities of daily living,” Dr. Makary-Botros explained. “We develop a therapy plan based on the patient's medical history, the doctor’s recommendations, and the patient's own goals. This may include recommending adaptive equipment and modifying the patient's surroundings to help them stay active, independent and safe in their day-to-day living.”

The National Multiple Sclerosis Society continues to support research and provide resources for those affected by MS.

“We’re committed to accelerating the development of treatments for MS and improving the well-being of those living with the disease through proven therapeutic approaches,” says Guerette. Since 1946, the NMSS has invested more than $1 billion to fund innovative research and support organizations and scientists around the world dedicated to stopping MS, restoring lost function, and ending MS.

It’s essential to recognize the challenges faced by those living with MS and the ongoing efforts to improve their quality of life through research, treatment, and support.

For more information about Multiple Sclerosis visit the Health & Wellness section of the Kaiser Permanente website located at KP.org.

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